Hi…
Kali ini kita akan coba create, add dan remove LVM disk di Ubuntu.
Pertama, kita pastikan dulu disk sudah terpasang dengan benar pada server
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes 4 heads, 32 sectors/track, 262144 cylinders, total 33554432 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0007eb44 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vda1 * 2048 33554431 16776192 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10402 cylinders, total 10485760 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/vdb doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/vdc: 12.9 GB, 12884901888 bytes 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24966 cylinders, total 25165824 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/vdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
Terlihat bahwa pada server ada 3 disk, yaitu vda yang berisi file-file system, kemudian vdb dan vdc yang baru saja kita tambahkan disknya. Selanjutnya, kita install dulu LVM
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# apt-get install lvm2 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libdevmapper-event1.02.1 libreadline5 watershed Suggested packages: thin-provisioning-tools The following NEW packages will be installed: libdevmapper-event1.02.1 libreadline5 lvm2 watershed 0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 622 kB of archives. After this operation, 1,797 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libdevmapper-event1.02.1 amd64 2:1.02.77-6ubuntu2 [10.8 kB] Get:2 http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libreadline5 amd64 5.2+dfsg-2 [130 kB] Get:3 http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main watershed amd64 7 [11.4 kB] Get:4 http://nova.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main lvm2 amd64 2.02.98-6ubuntu2 [470 kB] Fetched 622 kB in 2s (209 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package libdevmapper-event1.02.1:amd64. (Reading database ... 51163 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../libdevmapper-event1.02.1_2%3a1.02.77-6ubuntu2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libdevmapper-event1.02.1:amd64 (2:1.02.77-6ubuntu2) ... Selecting previously unselected package libreadline5:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../libreadline5_5.2+dfsg-2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libreadline5:amd64 (5.2+dfsg-2) ... Selecting previously unselected package watershed. Preparing to unpack .../archives/watershed_7_amd64.deb ... Unpacking watershed (7) ... Selecting previously unselected package lvm2. Preparing to unpack .../lvm2_2.02.98-6ubuntu2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking lvm2 (2.02.98-6ubuntu2) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up libdevmapper-event1.02.1:amd64 (2:1.02.77-6ubuntu2) ... Setting up libreadline5:amd64 (5.2+dfsg-2) ... Setting up watershed (7) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Setting up lvm2 (2.02.98-6ubuntu2) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6.7) ... Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.103ubuntu4.2) ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-83-generic
CREATE LVM
Kita create Physical Volume dan Volume Groupnya
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# pvcreate /dev/vdb Physical volume "/dev/vdb" successfully created root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# vgcreate vgkonfigurasi /dev/vdb Volume group "vgkonfigurasi" successfully created
Selanjutnya create Logical Volume nya
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# lvcreate -L 4.9G -n lvkonfigurasi vgkonfigurasi Rounding up size to full physical extent 4.90 GiB Logical volume "lvkonfigurasi" created
Selanjutnya, kita buat filesystemnya
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/vgkonfigurasi/lvkonfigurasi mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 321280 inodes, 1285120 blocks 64256 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1317011456 40 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8032 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
Setelah itu, bikin directory dan mount lvkonfigurasi ke directory tersebut
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# mkdir /konfigurasi root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# mount -t ext3 /dev/vgkonfigurasi/lvkonfigurasi /konfigurasi/
Cek lagi disknya
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 493M 12K 493M 1% /dev tmpfs 100M 356K 100M 1% /run /dev/disk/by-label/cloudimg-rootfs 16G 787M 15G 6% / none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 497M 0 497M 0% /run/shm none 100M 0 100M 0% /run/user /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi 4.8G 10M 4.5G 1% /konfigurasi
ADD DISK
Sekarang kita coba tambahkan disk lain (vdc) ke LVM yang telah kita buat sebelumnya. Berikut command command nya
Create Physical Volume
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# pvcreate /dev/vdc Physical volume "/dev/vdc" successfully created
Cek LVM disk
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# lvmdiskscan -l WARNING: only considering LVM devices /dev/vdb [ 5.00 GiB] LVM physical volume /dev/vdc [ 12.00 GiB] LVM physical volume 2 LVM physical volume whole disks 0 LVM physical volumes
Tambahkan vdc ke Volume Group yang sudah dibuat, yaitu vgkonfigurasi
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# vgextend vgkonfigurasi /dev/vdc Volume group "vgkonfigurasi" successfully extended
Extend atau tambahkan size disk yang baru ke LVM
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# lvm lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vgkonfigurasi/lvkonfigurasi Extending logical volume lvkonfigurasi to 16.99 GiB Logical volume lvkonfigurasi successfully resized
Cek dulu, apakah disk sizenya sudah nambah? Ternyata belum, satu langkah lagi
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 493M 12K 493M 1% /dev tmpfs 100M 356K 100M 1% /run /dev/disk/by-label/cloudimg-rootfs 16G 787M 15G 6% / none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 497M 0 497M 0% /run/shm none 100M 0 100M 0% /run/user /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi 4.8G 10M 4.5G 1% /konfigurasi
Resize vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi resize2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi is mounted on /konfigurasi; on-line resizing required old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2 The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi is now 4454400 blocks long.
Cek lagi, apakah sudah nambah kapasitas disknya?
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 493M 12K 493M 1% /dev tmpfs 100M 356K 100M 1% /run /dev/disk/by-label/cloudimg-rootfs 16G 787M 15G 6% / none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 497M 0 497M 0% /run/shm none 100M 0 100M 0% /run/user /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi 17G 14M 16G 1% /konfigurasi
REMOVE DISK FROM LVM
Sekarang kita lanjut ke remove disk yang tadi kita tambahkan
Cek Physical Volume
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# pvs -o+pv_used PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree Used /dev/vdb vgkonfigurasi lvm2 a-- 5.00g 0 5.00g /dev/vdc vgkonfigurasi lvm2 a-- 12.00g 0 12.00g
Sebelum diremove, umount dulu directory /konfigurasi
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# umount /konfigurasi/
Check Volume Group dan LVM
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi e2fsck 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi: 11/1092352 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 104816/4454400 blocks
Resize LVM size
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# lvreduce -L 4.8G /dev/vgkonfigurasi/lvkonfigurasi Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 4.80 GiB WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 4.80 GiB THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.) Do you really want to reduce lvkonfigurasi? [y/n]: y Reducing logical volume lvkonfigurasi to 4.80 GiB Logical volume lvkonfigurasi successfully resized
Lepas Disk pada Volume Group
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# vgreduce vgkonfigurasi /dev/vdc Removed "/dev/vdc" from volume group "vgkonfigurasi" root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# pvremove /dev/vdc Labels on physical volume "/dev/vdc" successfully wiped
Buat filesystemnya
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/vgkonfigurasi/lvkonfigurasi mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 315120 inodes, 1258496 blocks 62924 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1291845632 39 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8080 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
Selanjutnya mount kembali di directory /konfigurasi
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# mount -t ext3 /dev/vgkonfigurasi/lvkonfigurasi /konfigurasi root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 493M 12K 493M 1% /dev tmpfs 100M 356K 100M 1% /run /dev/disk/by-label/cloudimg-rootfs 16G 787M 15G 6% / none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 497M 0 497M 0% /run/shm none 100M 0 100M 0% /run/user /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi 4.7G 9.8M 4.4G 1% /konfigurasi
Terakhir resize size disknya
root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# lvm lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vgkonfigurasi/lvkonfigurasi Extending logical volume lvkonfigurasi to 5.00 GiB Logical volume lvkonfigurasi successfully resized root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 493M 12K 493M 1% /dev tmpfs 100M 356K 100M 1% /run /dev/disk/by-label/cloudimg-rootfs 16G 787M 15G 6% / none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 497M 0 497M 0% /run/shm none 100M 0 100M 0% /run/user /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi 4.7G 9.8M 4.4G 1% /konfigurasi root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi resize2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi is mounted on /konfigurasi; on-line resizing required old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1 The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi is now 1309696 blocks long. root@konfigurasi:/home/ubuntu# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 493M 12K 493M 1% /dev tmpfs 100M 356K 100M 1% /run /dev/disk/by-label/cloudimg-rootfs 16G 787M 15G 6% / none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 497M 0 497M 0% /run/shm none 100M 0 100M 0% /run/user /dev/mapper/vgkonfigurasi-lvkonfigurasi 4.8G 9.8M 4.6G 1% /konfigurasi