Rolling Updates And Rolling Back Deployments in Kubernetes

Task :

There is a production deployment planned for next week. The Nautilus DevOps team wants to test the deployment update and rollback on Dev environment first so that they can identify the risks in advance. Below you can find more details about the plan they want to execute.

Create a namespace devops. Create a deployment called httpd-deploy under this new namespace, It should have one container called httpd, use httpd:2.4.27 image and 4 replicas. The deployment should use RollingUpdate strategy with maxSurge=1, and maxUnavailable=2.

Next upgrade the deployment to version httpd:2.4.43 using a rolling update.

Finally, once all pods are updated undo the update and roll back to the previous/original version.

Note: The kubectl utility on jump_host has been configured to work with the kubernetes cluster.

Solution :

thor@jump_host /$ kubectl create ns devops
namespace/devops created
thor@jump_host /$ cd /home/thor/
thor@jump_host ~$ vi deployment.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: httpd-deploy
  namespace: devops
spec:
  replicas: 4
  strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 1
      maxUnavailable: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: httpd
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: httpd
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: httpd
          image: httpd:2.4.27

thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl apply -f deployment.yml 
deployment.apps/httpd-deploy created
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl get deployment -n devops
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
httpd-deploy 0/4 4 0 6s

thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl set image deployment httpd-deploy --namespace devops httpd=httpd:2.4.43 --record=true
deployment.apps/httpd-deploy image updated

thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl get pods -n devops
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457-b5bbn 1/1 Running 0 34s
httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457-b87f2 1/1 Running 0 34s
httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457-wrfvk 1/1 Running 0 34s
httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457-zvc8r 1/1 Running 0 14s
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl rollout status deployment httpd-deploy -n devops
deployment "httpd-deploy" successfully rolled out
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl get pods -n devops
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457-b5bbn 1/1 Running 0 76s
httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457-b87f2 1/1 Running 0 76s
httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457-wrfvk 1/1 Running 0 76s
httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457-zvc8r 1/1 Running 0 56s
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl get deployment -n devops
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
httpd-deploy 4/4 4 4 2m50s
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl get deployment httpd-deploy -n devops
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
httpd-deploy 4/4 4 4 3m31s
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl rollout undo deployment httpd-deploy -n devops
deployment.apps/httpd-deploy rolled back
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl get deployment httpd-deploy -n devops
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
httpd-deploy 2/4 3 2 3m49s
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl get deployment httpd-deploy -n devops
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
httpd-deploy 4/4 4 4 3m54s
thor@jump_host ~$ kubectl describe deployment httpd-deploy -n devops
Name: httpd-deploy
Namespace: devops
CreationTimestamp: Thu, 22 Apr 2021 12:59:51 +0000
Labels: <none>
Annotations: deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 3
Selector: app=httpd
Replicas: 4 desired | 4 updated | 4 total | 4 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: 0
RollingUpdateStrategy: 2 max unavailable, 1 max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels: app=httpd
  Containers:
    httpd:
      Image: httpd:2.4.27
      Port: <none>
      Host Port: <none>
      Environment: <none>
      Mounts: <none>
    Volumes: <none>
Conditions:
  Type        Status     Reason
  ----        ------     ------
  Available   True       MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing True       NewReplicaSetAvailable
OldReplicaSets: <none>
NewReplicaSet: httpd-deploy-5c68f9f7b7 (4/4 replicas created)
Events:
  Type   Reason            Age   From Message
  ----   ------            ----  ---- -------
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 4m13s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set httpd-deploy-5c68f9f7b7 to 4
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m52s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457 to 1
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m52s deployment-controller Scaled down replica set httpd-deploy-5c68f9f7b7 to 2
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m52s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457 to 3
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m32s deployment-controller Scaled down replica set httpd-deploy-5c68f9f7b7 to 1
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m32s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457 to 4
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m32s deployment-controller Scaled down replica set httpd-deploy-5c68f9f7b7 to 0
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 32s   deployment-controller Scaled up replica set httpd-deploy-5c68f9f7b7 to 1
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 32s   deployment-controller Scaled down replica set httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457 to 2
  Normal ScalingReplicaSet 23s (x4 over 32s) deployment-controller (combined from similar events): Scaled down replica set httpd-deploy-7bb4d96457 to 0
thor@jump_host ~$